The Meaning of Risk Communication Among Stakeholders: A Phenomenological Study of Slow-Onset Coastal Disasters through Mangrove Conservation

Abstract

This study aims to explore the meanings of risk communication constructed by stakeholders in responding to slow-onset disasters in the coastal areas of the North Coast of West Java through marine conservation initiatives in the form of mangrove planting. Gradual coastal abrasion has affected living spaces, livelihoods, and the sustainability of coastal environments; however, it has not been uniformly interpreted as a disaster by the actors involved. The study employs a qualitative approach using a phenomenological research design. Research informants include representatives from the North Coast Regional Office of Marine and Fisheries of West Java (CDKPWU), the Regional Forestry Office II (CDK Wil II), the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), coastal communities, experts, and community-based groups (Pokmas). Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observation and analyzed based on the subjective experiences and risk perceptions of each actor. The findings indicate that risk meanings vary and are influenced by the actors’ positions and roles. Government actors tend to interpret slow-onset disasters as issues of environmental management and long-term development, while coastal communities perceive them as direct threats to livelihoods and living spaces. Community-based groups view risk as an opportunity to strengthen collective, conservation-based action, whereas experts emphasize ecological vulnerability and long-term sustainability. These differences highlight the importance of contextual and adaptive risk communication in fostering shared perceptions and strengthening collective preparedness.